A Comparison of Male and Female Dually Arrested Domestic Violence Offenders

Problem

Study Aim: 

This study investigates the increasing trend of dual arrests in domestic violence cases, specifically focusing on female offenders. It examines whether these women are victims defending themselves or true co-offenders.

Impact on System/Public: 

Dual arrests challenge the criminal justice system's ability to identify the primary aggressor and could unintentionally re-victimize women. The study highlights the implications of arrest practices on public safety, criminal justice policies, and victim protection.

Research Questions:

1. Are women involved in dual arrests victims of abuse or equal participants in aggression?
2. What are the differences in criminal and behavioral patterns between male and female arrestees?
    

Method and Analysis

Program Evaluated or Gaps Addressed: 

The study addresses the gap in understanding the characteristics and roles of women in dual domestic violence arrests, contributing to a broader discussion of gender roles in intimate partner violence (IPV).
 

Data and Sample Size: 

• Sample: 317 heterosexual couples dually arrested for domestic violence in a mid-South urban jurisdiction.
• Time Frame: June 1999–December 2001.
• Data Sources: Arrest records, local criminal histories, and interviews with both arrestees and their partners.
   

Analysis Used:

• Quantitative comparison of demographic data, criminal histories, IPV behaviors, and patterns of aggression.
• Internal consistency of scales for physical and psychological abuse and antisocial behavior was verified statistically.
   

Outcome

Key Findings:

• Severity of Violence: Male arrestees exhibited more severe violence, including higher rates of forcing unwanted sexual activity and lethal threats.
• Patterns of Aggression: Males had more extensive criminal and antisocial histories compared to females.
• Gender Differences: Women more often used violence reactively (self-defense), while men's violence was more likely proactive and controlling.
• Partner Outcomes: Female arrestees experienced escalating violence and injuries, making them more fearful and inclined to end the relationship.
  
   

Implications or Recommendations: 

• Policy Recommendations: Train law enforcement to identify primary aggressors more accurately and provide better access to criminal histories during calls.
• Intervention Strategies: Tailor programs to address differences in motives behind male and female violence, offering victim-centered resources for women.
• Systemic Changes: Revise mandatory arrest policies to reduce unintended consequences, such as the victimization of defensive actors.
• Future Research: Conduct further studies across varied jurisdictions to generalize findings and refine interventions.
   

This study offers critical insights into dual arrests in IPV cases, underscoring the need for nuanced approaches in law enforcement, policy, and victim support systems.