Lathyrus littoralis seedlings with radicle (white root protruding through the seed coat) germinated within a growth chamber set at a 25/15°C (77/59°F) day/night temperature with a 12-hour day photoperiod of cool-white fluorescent light. Seeds were scarified prior to sowing by vigorously rubbing seeds between 100-grit sandpaper until approximately 5% of seeds cracked.