Deliberative Democracy

Deliberative Democracy as an active learning strategy

The model of Deliberative Democracy (DD) pedagogy, an active learning strategy, is based on deliberative democratic models of citizen engagement in science policymaking. This integrative pedagogical approach, revises the delivery of conventional introductory science content around modules that engage students with current science policy controversies. Essential to this model is the scaffolding of individual and collaborative student experiences with peer-reviewed research, media coverage, and personal and community connections, which is built into the course structure. Through these experiences, students integrate both scientific and social and ethical content in the deliberative learning framework.

DD combines the components of Student Talk, as introduced by Tanner (2009) and Accountable Talk developed by Michaels (2008), with relevant social and civic issues. Tannerʼs summary of research into Student Talk in science classrooms cites its efficacy in improving student mastery of biology concepts and highlights faculty perception that it promotes a collaborative, rather than competitive culture in undergraduate science. This collaborative culture, with a focus on societal context and civic engagement has been critical to successful recruitment and retention of women in STEM disciplines.

Deliberative Democracy Documents

General Overview

This document provides a brief overview of how Deliberative Democracy has been implemented at Portland State

PDF Deliberative Democracy General Overview Document

Chemistry Module Information

These documents provide an overview and student worksheets for the modules used in general chemistry.

PDF Infectious Diseases Module Overview & Student Worksheets
PDF Sunscreen Module Overview and Student Worksheets
PDF Desalination Module Overview and Student Worksheets
PDF Cocaine Detection Module Overview and Student Worksheets
PDF Carbon Capture Module Overview and Student Worksheets

Biology Module Information

These documents provide an overview and student worksheets for the modules used in introductory biology. 

PDF EDCs Module Overview and Student Worksheets
PDF Salmon Populations Module Overview and Student Worksheets
PDF Single-use Plastics Module Overview and Student Worksheets
PDF HeLa Cells Module Overview and Student Worksheets
PDF Genetics Module Overview and Student Worksheets


Tanner, K. D.CBE – Life Sciences Education, 8, 89-94, 2009.

Michaels, S., OʼConnor, C., & Resnick, L. B. Studies of Philosophy and Education, 2008, 27, 283-297.

Weasel, L.H. & Finkel, Liza, Journal of College Science Teaching 2016, 45, 38-45.

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Funded in part by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute