Timeline & Works Cited

1700s Timeline

NOTE: The following timeline is from The American People: Creating a Nation and a Society, Gary B. Nash, et al., 2nd ed. Addison-Wesley Publishers

ALSO: This Timeline is intended to give the student a better idea of what was happening in the rest of Colonial America during the important years leading up to and immediately following the Albany Congress. 

• 1701:  Iroquois set policy of neutrality 
• 1702-1713: Queen Anne's War 
• 1704: Boston News-Letter, first regular colonial newspaper, published 
• 1712:  Slave revolt in New York City 
• 1713:  Peace of Utrecht  .......... Beginning of Scots-Irish and German immigration
• 1715-1730: Volume of slave trade doubles 
• 1718:  French settle New Orleans 
• 1720s:  Black population begins to increase naturally 
• 1732:  Georgia founded for English paupers and buffer against Florida
• 1733:  Molasses Act 
• 1734-1736:  Great Awakening begins in Northampton, Massachusetts
• 1735: Zenger acquitted of seditous libel in New York
• 1739-1740: Whitefield's first American tour spreads Great Awakening..........Slaves compose 90% of population in Carolina rice coast..........Stono Rebellion in South Carolina
• 1740s: Indigo becomes staple crop in Lower South
• 1744-1748: King George's War
• 1747: Benjamin Franklin publishes first Poor Richard's Almanack..........Impressment riot in Boston
• 1754: Albany conference
• 1755: Braddock defeated by French and Indian allies
• 1756-1763: Seven Years' War
• 1759: Wolfe defeats the French at Quebec
• 1759-1761: Cherokee War against the English
• 1760s-1770s: Spanish establish California mission system
• 1760s: Economic slump
• 1761-1765: Depression hits most colonies 
• 1760: Africans compose 20% of American population 
• 1763: Treaty of Paris ends Seven Years' War..........Proclamation line limits westward expansion  
• 1764: Sugar and Currency Acts......Pontiac's Rebellion in Ohio Valley
• 1765: Colonists resist Stamp Act..........Virginia House of Burgesses issues Stamp Act resolutions
• 1766: Declaratory Act. Tenant rent war in New York..........Slave insurrections in South Carolina 
• 1767: Townshend duties imposed
• 1768: British troops occupy Boston
• 1769: American Philosophical Society founded at Philadelphia
• 1770: "Boston Massacre"..........Townshend duties repealed (except on tea)
• 1771: North Carolina Regulators defeated
• 1772: Gaspee incident in Rhode Island
• 1773: Tea Act provokes Boston Tea Party
• 1774: "Intolerable Acts"..........First Continental Congress meets
• 1775: Second Continental Congress meets..........Battles of Lexington and Concord..........Lord Dunmore's proclamation to slaves and servants in Virginia..........Iroquois Six Nations pledge neutrality..........Continental Congress urges "states" to establish new governments..........Postal system established by Continental Congress 
• 1776: Thomas Paine publishes Common Sense..........British evacuate Boston and seize New York City..........Declaration of Independence..........Eight states draft constitutions..........Cherokee raids and American retaliation
• 1777: British occupy Philadelphia..........Most Iroquois join the British..........Americans win victory at Saratoga.........
• Washington's army winters at Valley Forge
• 1778: War shifts to the South.......Savannah falls to British..........French treaty of alliance and commerce
• 1779: Massachusetts state constitutional convention..........Charleston surrenders to British..........Pennsylvania begins gradual abolition of slavery 
• 1780s: Virginia and Maryland debate abolition of slavery..........Destruction of Iroquois Confederacy
• 1781: Cornwallis surrenders at Yorktown..........Articles of Confederation ratified by states
• 1783: Peace Treaty with England signed in Paris..........Massachusetts Supreme Court abolishes slavery..........King's Commission on America Loyalists begins work
• 1784: Treaty of Fort Stanwix with the Iroquois..........Spain closes Mississippi River to American navigation
• 1785: Treaty of Hopewell with the Cherokee..........Land Ordinance for the Northwest Territory..........Jay-Gardoqui negotiations 
• 1786: Virginia adopts "Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom"..........Annapolis convention calls for revision of Art. of Confederation 
• 1786-1787: Shay's Rebellion 
• 1787: Northwest Ordinance..........Constitutional Convention..........Federalist Papers published by Hamilton, Jay and Madison
• 1788: Constitution ratified
• 1789: George Washington inaugurated as first president..........Outbreak of French Revolution
• 1790: Slave trade outlawed in all states except Georgia and S. Carolina..........Hamilton's "Reports on the Public Credit"
• 1791: Bill of Rights ratified..........Whiskey tax and national bank established..........Hamilton's "Report on Manufactures"
• 1792: Washington reelected 1793  Outbreak of war in Europe..........Washington's Neutrality Proclamation..........Jefferson resigns from cabinet
• 1794: Whiskey Rebellion in Pennsylvania
• 1795: Controversy over Jay's Treaty with England
• 1796: Washington's Farewell Address..........John Adams elected president
• 1797: XYZ affair in France
• 1798: Naturalization Act; Alien and Seditions Acts..........Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
• 1798-1800: Undeclared naval war with France
• 1799: Trials of David Brown and Luther Baldwin
• 1801: Jefferson elected president by House of Representatives

Works Cited

• "Albany Congress." Retrieved from the Internet 4/15/16.

• American Memory. American Memory: Historical Collections for the National Digital Library. Retrieved 4/11/2016.

• "Cadwallader Colden." Retrieved from the Internet 4/15/16.

• "Colonial Williamsburg History." 2016. Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Retrieved from Internet 4/14/16.

• "Covenant Chain of the Iroquois." Retrieved from the Internet 4/15/16.

• "False Face Society." Retrieved from the Internet 4/15/16.

• "Fort Hunter History." Retrieved from the Internet 4/15/16.

• Gottlieb Mittelberger, Journey to Pennsylvania, trans., Oscar Handlin and John Clive (Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1960), 17–18.

• Grinde Jr., D. A. and Johansen, B. E. Exemplar of Liberty. Los Angeles: American Indian Studies Center, 1990.

• "History of Lacrosse." Retrieved from the Internet 4/15/16.

• "Iroquois and the other East Coast longhouses." Retrieved from the Internet 4/15/16.

• "Iroquois Leader Logan." 2016. Retrieved from the Internet, 4/15/16.

• Johansen, Bruce E. Forgotten Founders. Boston: Harvard Common Press, 1982.

• "Letter to Cadwallader Colden," Johnson, Sir William in: The Papers of Sir William Johnson, vol. 4, pp. 511-514.

• "Mary Jamison." Retrieved from the Internet 4/15/16.

• "Martha Ballard's Diary Online." Retrieved from the Internet 4/15/16.

• "Mary (Molly) Brant." Retrieved from the Internet 4/15/16.

• Nash, Gary B. , et al. The American People: Creating a Nation and a Society, 2nd ed. Addison-Wesley Publishers, 2000.

• "Ohio History Central." 2016. Retrieved from the Internet 4/14/16.

• "Poor Richard's Almanack." Retrieved from Internet 4/14/16.

• "Reenacting" 2016. Roger's Rangers. Retrieved from Internet 4/14/16.

• "Roger's Rangers." Retrieved from the Internet 4/15/16.

• Schaaf, Gregory. "The Birth of Frontier Democracy from an Eagle's Eye View: The Great Law of Peace to The Constitution of the United States of America." Hearing statement given before the Select Committee on Indian Affairs United States Senate (One Hundredth Congress, First Session on S. Con Res. 76). Washington, DC. 2 December 1987.

• Shannon, Timothy J. Indians and Colonists at the Crossroads of Empire. London: Cornell University Press, 2000.

• "Sir William Johnson." Retrieved from the Internet 4/15/16.

• "The Three Sisters Agriculture." Retrieved from the Internet 4/15/16.

• "The Albany Plan." 2016. Retrieved from the Internet 4/14/16.

• "Young George Washington." Retrieved from the Internet 4/15/16.